Boston Consulting Group estimates the doubling of U.S. steel and aluminum tariffs—from 25% to 50%—has increased annual import costs by over $100 billion  . This hike significantly raised U.S. pricing relative to the EU, prompting renewed infrastructure investment from Emirates Global Aluminum and Hyundai/Posco in Louisiana facilities. Tariffs are expected to exclude non-competitive imports and encourage domestic capacity expansion. Companies are urged to develop “tariff command centres” to manage compliance and strategic sourcing. The UK retains a 25% tariff under separate trade deals, underlining the complexity and importance of supply chain planning amid shifting global trade policies.